MBA EXAM PAPER

What strategic options a firm could follow when the firm is operating in a maturing industry?

As an industry evolves, its rate of growth eventually declines. This “transition to maturity” is accompanied by several changes in its competitive environment.Competition for market share becomes more intense as firms in the industry are forced to achieve sales growth at one another's expense. Strategy elements of successful...

By: Unknown On 08:18

what is the difference between market penetration and market development? Illustrate with suitable examples.

Market Development Strategy whereby an organisation introduces its offerings to markets other than those it is currently serving Illustration: Sage Pay enters German market Sage Pay is the UK and Ireland’s leading independent payment service provider (PSP) and is one of the most trusted payment brands. Every year...

By: Unknown On 08:18

Describe Vision and Mission statements with suitable illustrations. What is the difference between vision and mission? How does business definition help in articulating the Mission statement?

Vision and mission statement The vision of any organisation at some future time shows very small image of any organisation. Normally it is make or set for the organisation, that what is the organisation plans for future or upcoming, basically the purpose of vision to find something. An...

By: Unknown On 08:17

TQM Philosophy

TQM is a management philosophy which seeks to integrate all organisational functions (marketing, finance, design, engineering, production, customer service ...) to focus on meeting customer needs and organisational objectives. It views organisations as a collection of processes. It maintains that organisations must strive to continuously improve these processes...

By: Unknown On 08:16

Globalisation

Globalisation (or globalisation) is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. Advances in transportation, such as the steam locomotive, steamship,jet engine, and container ship, and in telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its...

By: Unknown On 08:16

What do you understand by Flexible Budget ? How does it differ from a Fixed Budget ? Explain its utility to a business organisation.

Flexible Budget: A flexible budget is a budget that adjusts or flexes for changes in the volume of activity. The flexible budget is more sophisticated and useful than astatic budget, which remains at one amount regardless of the volume of activity.Assume that a manufacturer determines that its cost...

By: Unknown On 08:15

Imputed Costs vs Opportunity Costs.

Opportunity cost is a cost associated with a decision that includes both the explicit and implicit(or imputed) costs. The unique aspect of opportunity cost is that it also includes costs associated with making an alternate decision. The costs associated with an alternative are called implicit costs. The accounting...

By: Unknown On 08:14

Rights Shares VS Bonus Shares

Bonus shares means new shares given free of cost to all the existing shareholders of the company, in proportion to their holdings. For example, a company announcing bonus issue of 1:5, is issuing one (new) bonus share for every five shares held by the shareholders of the company.Rights...

By: Unknown On 08:13

Difference between FIFO and LIFT methods of Inventory valuation.

Inventory management is a crucial function for any product-oriented business. "First in, First Out," or FIFO, and "Last in, First Out," or LIFO, are two common methods of inventory valuation among businesses. The system you choose can have profound effects on your taxes, income, logistics and profitability. Here...

By: Unknown On 08:12

What are intangible assets of a firm ? Why are they shown in the Balance Sheet ? What is meant by amortisation of such assets ? Give reason for the same.

An asset that is not physical in nature. Corporate intellectual property (items such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, business methodologies), goodwill and brand recognition are all common intangible assets in today's marketplace. An intangible asset can be classified as either indefinite or definite depending on the specifics of that...

By: Unknown On 08:11

What do you understand by Internal Audit ? How do the functions of an internal auditor differ from that of External Auditor ?

Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations. It helps an organisation accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes. Internal auditing is...

By: Unknown On 08:09

Human Resource accounting

Human resources are considered as important assets and are different from the physical assets. Physical assets do not have feelings and emotions, whereas human assets are subjected to various types of feelings and emotions. In the same way, unlike physical assets human assets never gets depreciated. Therefore, the valuations...

By: Unknown On 21:55

Training methods  

Different methods of training are as follows On the job training (OJT)In this method a trainee is placed on the job and then taught the necessary skills to perform his job. Thus in this method the trainee learns by observing and handling the job under the guidance and...

By: Unknown On 21:54

Define and discuss the need for Human Resource Planning in an organisation. Briefly discuss various approaches to HRP

Need for and Importance of HRP: The need for human resource planning in organisation is realised for the following reasons: 1. Despite growing unemployment, there has been shortage of human resources with required skills, qualification and capabilities to carry on works. Hence the need for human resource planning....

By: Unknown On 21:53

Define and differentiate between Job Analysis, Job Description and Job Evaluation. Select an appropriate job evaluation method and create a plan for evaluating jobs of scientists in different grades.

Job Analysis: Job analysis is the process of gathering and analysing information about the content and the human requirements of jobs, as well as, the context in which jobs are performed. This process is used to determine placement of jobs. Under NU Values the decision-making in this area...

By: Unknown On 21:52

What is 'Product Life Cycle' ? How Marketing Mix Decisions have to be adjusted at different stages of PLC (Product Life Cycle) ?

The theory of a product life cycle was first introduced in the 1950s to explain the expected life cycle of a typical product from design to obsolescence, a period divided into the phases of product introduction, product growth, maturity, and decline. The goal of managing a product's life...

By: Unknown On 07:48

Define Marketing Management. Discuss its importance and scope in today's dynamic competitive environment.

Marketing management is the organisational discipline which focuses on the practical application of marketing orientation, techniques and methods inside enterprises and organisations and on the management of a firm's marketing resources and activities. Marketing management facilitates the activities and functions which are involved in the distribution of goods...

By: Unknown On 07:47

Auto regressive models

A stochastic process used in statistical calculations in which future values are estimated based on a weighted sum of past values. An autoregressive process operates under the premise that past values have an effect on current values. A process considered AR(1) is the first order process, meaning that...

By: Unknown On 07:46

Step function

In mathematics, a function on the real numbers is called a step function (or staircase function) if it can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals. Informally speaking, a step function is a piecewise constant function having only finitely many pieces. The graph...

By: Unknown On 07:45